RIYADH, Saudi Arabia — Around 150 clerics and religious scholars held a rare protest outside the Saudi king's palace on Tuesday against fresh efforts by women seeking the right to drive, highlighting the struggle faced by reformers in the ultraconservative kingdom.
Some of the senior religious leaders who protested outside the palace in the Red Sea port of Jiddah said the United States was behind a campaign calling for women to drive on Oct. 26 that claims to have garnered 16,000 signatures.
The government has not cracked down on the driving campaign, and King Abdullah is believed to favor some social reforms. The protest by clerics, who are among the most influential voices in Saudi Arabia, shows the challenge he faces in pushing gently for change without antagonizing conservative segments of the population.
The hard-line Saudi religious establishment has sway over the courts and oversees the often zealous religious police, run by the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, which enforces strict segregation of the sexes and other restrictive interpretations of Islamic Shariah laws.
"Why was the date of the protest (by women driving) given a Western date and not an Arab one?" asked prominent Sheik Nasser el-Omar at the rally, referring to the Islamic lunar calendar that differs from the Gregorian one used by the West. "This suggests the campaign was made in the U.S.A.," he said in remarks carried by the semi-official news website Akhbar 24.
Since the right to drive campaign launched last month, Saudi women have been uploading videos and sharing pictures online of themselves driving. A number of Saudi women on the country's top advisory body, the Shura Council, also put forth a request this month to discuss the issue of allowing women to drive, though no debate has yet taken place.
While neither Islamic law nor Saudi's traffic laws explicitly ban women from driving, women are not issued licenses.
In years past when women tried to drive, some were arrested and charged with disturbing public order. One woman was ordered to be lashed 10 times, but King Abdullah pardoned her.
No women have been arrested trying to drive in recent weeks. In one case, two women were pulled over by police in the main city of Riyadh after one of them posted on Twitter a picture of the other driving.
Eman Al-Nafjan's brother, Khalid Al-Nafjan, told The Associated Press after the incident that the police were polite with his sister and her friend, but made them call their husbands to pick them up. The two women had to sign letters promising not to drive again and their husbands had to sign letters stating they would not let their wives drive again, her brother said.
He said that the family is very supportive of Al-Nafjan's efforts, but she was targeted on Twitter. "Saudi Arabia is a tribal community, so it is a matter of that you need to be more conservative about your thoughts... your actions. Everything has a reaction in the community," he said in a telephone interview.
That women have not yet been arrested in this month's driving campaign suggests that authorities have at the least taken a softer approach.
This has angered ultraconservative scholars who were protesting Tuesday in Jiddah. Some of the clerics were quoted in the local media saying that Saudi rulers are not doing anything to stop the campaign.
Not present at the rally was the imam, or leading sheik, of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Islam's holiest site toward which observant Muslims pray five times a day.
However, Saud al-Shuraim supported the clerics' protest by writing on his Twitter account that calls for women to drive are an offense against the king and "aimed at unraveling the beads of wisdom in a cohesive society."
One prominent cleric who has bucked the ultraconservative trend is former Grand Mosque imam, Sheik Adel el-Kilbani. He wrote on his Twitter account recently that he hopes women may soon be allowed to drive.
"The winds of change to allow women to drive are blowing with strength and will soon break the barrier," he wrote.
Batrawy contributed to this report from Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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